KAJIAN EKSPERIMENTAL PENGARUH VARIASI UKURAN CETAKAN LOGAM TERHADAP PERUBAHAN STRUKTUR MIKRO DAN SIFAT MEKANIK PRODUK COR ALUMINIUM

Diah Kusuma Pratiwi, Nurhabibah Paramitha

Abstract


Abstrak

Struktur mikro dan sifat mekanik pada suatu produk cor sangat tergantung dari ukuran cetakan produk cor tersebut. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan tiga jenis ukuran cetakan logam yaitu L-bow 1†(Als1), L-bow 1 ½“ (Als2), dan L-bow 2†(Als3). Logam yang dicor adalah Aluminium skrap sedangkan tungku pengecoran yang digunakan adalah tungku krus dengan menggunakan bahan bakar batubara.

Pengujian yang dilakukan dengan uji kekerasan, uji struktur mikro dan uji komposisi kimia. Hasil dari pengujian kekerasan yang telah dilakukan didapatkan hasil bahwa produk cor dengan ukuran terkecil yaitu Als1 memiliki nilai kekerasan tertinggi yaitu rata-rata 76,82 kgf/mm², sedangkan Als2 memiliki nilai kekerasan rata-rata 73,38 kgf/mm²,dan Als3 memiliki nilai kekerasan rata-rata 72,57 kgf/mm².

Jika dilihat dari proses pengujian, didapatkan hasil bahwa semakin kecil ukuran cetakan produk cor, maka nilai kekerasannya akan semakin tinggi. Demikian juga dengan pertumbuhan butir yang terbentuk, semakin kecil ukuran suatu produk cor, maka pertumbuhan butir yang terjadi pun akan semakin kecil.

 

Kata kunci : struktur mikro, ukuran cetakan, nilai kekerasan.

Abstract

Microstructure and mechanical properties in a cast product depends on the size of the mold cast product. In this study, using three kinds of metal mold size is L-bow 1 "(Als1), L-bow 1 ½" (Als2), and L-bow 2 "(Als3). Casted metal is scrap aluminum casting furnace while the furnace crucible used is by using coal fuel.

Tests were conducted with hardness test, test microstructure and chemical composition test. Results of hardness testing has been done showed that the cast product with the smallest size that is Als1 has the highest hardness value is an average of 76.82 kgf / mm ², while Als2 has an average hardness value of 73.38 kgf / mm ², and has Als3 hardness value of the average 72.57 kgf / mm ².If viewed from the testing process, showed that the smaller the size of the mold cast product, the hardness value will be higher. Similarly, the grain growth is formed, the smaller the size of a cast product, the grain growth that occurs would be even smaller.


Keywords: microstructure, print size, hardness value.


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Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sriwijaya
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