Kebijakan Hukum Pada Pemerintahan Sultanah di Kesultanan Aceh Darussalam (1641-1699)

Muhammad Ilham, Yullia Merry

Abstract


Abstrak: Aceh merupakan wilayah yang istimewa. Dari kawasan ini, lahir kerajaan Islam salah satunya Kesultanan Aceh Darussalam. Dalam perjalanan sejarahnya, Kesultanan Aceh Darussalam pernah dipimpin oleh perempuan (sultanah). Kedudukan perempuan sebagai pemimpin atau sultanah sering menjadi isu yang kontroversi. Berangkat dari fakta sejarah tersebut, permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah  bagaimana kebijakan politik sultanah Kesultanan Aceh Darussalam pada tahun 1641-1699. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguraikan kebijakan hukum sultanah Kesultanan Aceh Darussalam pada tahun 1641-1699. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode historis yaitu heuristik, interpretasi, kritik sumber dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah kematian Sultan Iskandar Thani, Kesultanan Aceh dipimpin oleh sultanah yaitu Sultanah Taj ‘Alam Safiyyat al-Din, Sultanah Nur al-‘Alam Naqiyyat al-Din, Sultanah ‘Inayat Shah Zakiyyat al-Din dan Sultanah Kamalat al-Din. Kebijakan hukum sultanah menjadi daya tarik karena Kesultanan Aceh Darussalam adalah kerajaan yang bercorak Islam.

Kata Kunci: Hukum, Sultanah, Kesultanan, Aceh, Darussalam

Abstract: Aceh is a special region. From this area, an Islamic kingdom was born, one of which was the Sultanate of Aceh Darussalam. In the course of its history, the Sultanate of Aceh Darussalam was once led by a woman (sultanah). Women's position as leader or sultanah is often a controversial issue. Departing from these historical facts, the problem in this study is how the political policies of the Sultanate of Aceh Darussalam Sultanate in 1641-1699. This study uses historical methods, namely heuristics, interpretation, source criticism and historiography. The results showed that after the death of Sultan Iskandar Thani, the Sultanate of Aceh was led by sultans namely Sultanah Taj 'Alam Safiyyat al-Din, Sultanah Nur al-'Alam Naqiyyat al-Din, Sultanah' Inayat Shah Zakiyyat al-Din and Sultanah Kamalat al-Din . Sultanate's political policy became an attraction because the Sultanate of Aceh Darussalam was a kingdom with an Islamic pattern.

Keywords: Law, Sultanah, Kesultanan, Aceh, Darussalam


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.36706/jc.v10i1.11484

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Copyright (c) 2021 Muhammad Ilham, Yullia Merry

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