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EFEK EKSTRAK METANOL CITRUS HYSTRIX TERHADAP KADAR ENZIM ASETILKOLINESTERASE LARVA AEDES AEGYPTI INSTAR III
Abstract
Nyamuk Aedes aegypti dikenal sebagai vektor utama penyakit infeksi dengue di dunia. Vaksin dan obat infeksi dengue masih belum tersedia. Prioritas Kementerian Kesehatan untuk mencegah infeksi dengue adalah mengontrol populasi vektor nyamuk Ae. aegypti. Jeruk purut (Citrus hystrix) memiliki potensi sebagai larvasida tetapi belum banyak informasi mengenai mekanisme kerjanya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek ekstrak metanol C. hystrix terhadap kadar enzim asetilkolinesterase (AChE) larva Ae. aegypti instar III. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian true experimental di laboratorium dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian post test only control group design. Kelompok perlakuan terdiri dari kelompok ekstrak metanol C. hystrix dari Bali dosis LC90, kelompok akuades sebagai kontrol negatif, dan kelompok temephos sebagai kontrol positif. Replikasi sebanyak tiga kali. Pengujian dilakukan selama 24 jam kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan enzim AChE. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan uji Kruskall Wallis kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji post hoc Mann Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar AChE pada larva Ae. aegypti yang mati setelah terpapar ekstrak lebih rendah (204,9 units/L) dibandingkan dengan larva kontrol negatif (323,2 units/L) dan kontrol positif (279,9 units/L). Kadar enzim AChE larva nyamuk pada tiga kelompok perlakuan memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan (p < 0,05). Ekstrak metanol C. hystrix dari Bali memiliki mekanisme kerja sebagai racun saraf, yaitu menghambat enzim AChE.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32539/JKK.V10I1.19809
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