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Karakteristik dan Peran Protein Ikat Folat (PIF)
Abstract
Asam folat merupakan kelompok vitamin B. Asam folat terikat dengan suatu protein yang disebut protein ikat folat (PIF). PIF merupakan suatu glikoprotein dengan 222 residu asam amino dan berat molekul sekitar 31000 Dalton. Struktur tiga dimensi PIF dipertahankan oleh enam sampai delapan jembatan disulfida. PIF memiliki kemampuan mengikat asam folat dengan perbandingan ikatan 1:1 mol. Situs aktif PIF mengandung gugus imidazol atau gugus sulfhidril. Kofaktor ion kalsium tidak dibutuhkan PIF dalam mengikat asam folat. Di dalam tubuh, PIF berperan menghimpun, mengangkut, dan membantu penyimpanan, penggunaan serta pendistrubusian asam folat ke jaringan. PIF juga berperan mengurangi ekskresi asam folat di ginjal dan meningkatkan penyerapan asam folat di intestinum. Dalam bidang kedokteran PIF dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mengukur kadar asam folat serum dengan metode analog ELISA.
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