BARKODE DNA DAN KEKERABATAN IKAN LAIS TIMAH (Kryptopterus apogon) BERDASARKAN GEN SITOKROM C OXIDASE SUBUNIT I (SOI)

Abstract

Lais (Krypyoterus apogon) is highly economic important catfish in South Sumatera. Investigating fish diversity of catfish is of importance for species conservation. Many species or subspecies extincted due to environment decreasing caused by habitat loss, pollution and over fishing. Cytochrome C Oxidase subunit I (COI) is one of mitochondrial DNA markers used for species barcoding in freshwater, brackishwater and marine fish. This research aim to explore the use of COI gene for species barcoding in investigating the diversity of COI nucleotide, constructing phylogenetic tree of lais, and knowing physical and chemistry characteristic of habitat at Musi and Kelekar River, South Sumatera. The methods used in the research consisted of DNA  extraction, PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) amplification and sequencing mtDNA COI gene of Kryptopterus apogon obtained from Musi and Kelekar River (South Sumatera). A 615 bp (sample code CM1) and 693 bp sequences (sample code CK1 and CK2) of parsial coding were sequenced from this fish. Nucleotide BLAST analyzes showed COI gen can distinguish lais at Musi and Kelekar River from others fish at GenBank database with high identity (92.29% and 92.21%) to Phalacronotus bleekeri (Thailand) and Phalacronotus apogon (Australia).Phylogenetic analyzes indicated that obviously, lais was at the same cluster with others genus in Siluridae family, but different cluster from Hemibagrus nemurus (Bagridae), Chanidae and Oreochomis niloticus (Cichlidae). Water quality criteria (water tranparancy, temperature, ammonia, pH and alkalinity) at Musi and Kelekar River were still in tolerance for maintainning survival rate of lais. Further study using more species in Siluridae family and various habitat are needed to investigate the diversity of DNA of Siluridae at South Sumatera water resources.

Keywords: Catfish, DNA barcode, COI gene, Musi River, Kelekar River