Perkembangan Pemikiran Pluralisme Gus Dur (1971-2001)
Abstract
Abstrak: Gus Dur adalah salah satu tokoh yang identik dengan pemikiran pluralismenya. Permasalahan penelitian ini yaitu bagaimana perkembangan pemikiran Gus Dur tentang pluralisme (1971-2001)?. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan pemikiran Gus Dur tentang pluralisme (1971-2001). Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan metode sejarah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemikiran Gus Dur tentang pluralisme dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dan eksternal. Menurut Gus Dur, pluralisme terfokus pada tauhid, hukum (fiqh), dan etika (akhlaq). Kebijakan ini sering menimbulkan kontroversi namun demikian kebijakan pluralisme Gus Dur mampu menghilangkan pengaruh Orde Baru, memulihkan hak asasi para korban diskriminasi seperti korban yang dianggap terlibat dalam partai komunis dan etnis Tionghoa, serta menyelesaikan permasalahan separatisme yang terjadi di Indonesia. Pemikiran pluralism Gus Dur terbentuk berdasarkan dialektika Gus Dur dengan lingkungan sekitarnya mulai dari masa sekolah sampai dengan menjabat sebagai presiden. Meskipun menghasilkan kontroversi, pemikiran pluralisme Gus Dur telah membuka cakrawala bangsa mengenai praktik baik pluralisme yang perlu dilanjutkan pada era saat ini.
Kata Kunci: Gus Dur, Pemikiran Islam, Pluralisme, Ulama.
The Development of Gus Dur’s Pluralism Thought (1971-2001)
Abstract: Gus Dur is well acknowledge as pluralists. The problem this research is how Gus Dur's thoughts on pluralism from 1971 to 2001. This article aims to analyze the development of Gus Dur's thoughts on pluralism from 1971 to 2001. This research used historical method. The research findings show that Gus Dur's thoughts on pluralism were influenced by internal and external factors. According to Gus Dur, pluralism focuses on monotheism, law (fiqh), and ethics (akhlaq). This policy often caused controversy, however, Gus Dur's policy of pluralism was able to eliminate the influence of the New Order, restore the human rights of victims of discrimination such as victims who were considered involved in the communist party and ethnic Chinese, as well as resolve the problems of separatism that occurred in Indonesia. Gus Dur's thought of pluralism was formed based on Gus Dur's dialectic with the surrounding environment from his school days to serving as president. Although it generates controversy, Gus Dur's thinking of pluralism has opened the nation's horizons regarding the good practice of pluralism that needs to be continued in the current era.
Keywords: Clerics, Gus Dur, Islamic Thought, Pluralism.
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PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.36706/jc.v11i2.16184
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