KAJIAN ETNOMEDISIN TANAMAN OBAT KEPULAUAN NUSANTARA

Muhamad Gilang Permana, Indah Sukmaning Asih, Juwairiyyah Ambaroh, Nuke Ayu Safitri, Syifa Aulia Firdaus, Ade Suryanda

Abstract


ABSTRACT

Utilization of medicinal plants for the people of Indonesia is one solution to health problems in terms of prevention and treatment. This study aims to analyze the number and variety of uses of Indonesian medicinal plants as community local wisdom in medicine (Ethnomedicine). The data collection technique used in this study was obtained through the literature study method, by collecting data from various literacy sources. From the research results obtained there are 608 species of medicinal plants in Indonesia. In Sumatra, there are 126 species, Java 223 species, Kalimantan 119 species, Sulawesi 126 species, Bali-Nusa Tenggara 242 species, Maluku 100 species, and Papua 105 species. 41 species belong to the family Leguminosae. Various kinds of diseases can be overcome using herbal medicines including cough, flu, itching, stomachache, fever, toothache, thrush, malaria and many more diseases that can be cured. Medicinal plants for the people of Indonesia are used as alternative treatments that can cure various diseases economically

 

Keywords: ethnomedicine , herbs,  medical plants, utilization

 

ABSTRAK

Pemanfaatan tanaman obat bagi masyarakat Indonesia adalah salah satu solusi dari masalah kesehatan dalam hal pencegahan maupun pengobatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis jumlah dan ragam pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat Indonesia sebagai kearifan lokal masyarakat dalam pengobatan (Etnomedisin). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini diperoleh melalui metode studi literatur, dengan mengumpulkan data dari berbagai sumber literasi. Dari hasil penelitian yang didapat terdapat 608 spesies tanaman obat yang ada di Indonesia. Pada daerah Sumatera tercatat 126 spesies, Jawa 223 spesies, Kalimantan 119 spesies, Sulawesi 126 spesies, Bali-Nusa Tenggara 242 spesies, Maluku 100 spesies, dan Papua 105 spesies. 41 spesies berasal dari famili Leguminosae. Berbagai macam penyakit bisa diatasi menggunakan obat herbal diantaranya batuk, flu, gatal-gatal, sakit perut, demam, sakit gigi, sariawan, malaria dan masih banyak lagi penyakit yang bisa disembuhkan. Tanaman obat bagi masyarakat Indonesia dijadikan sebagai pengobatan alternatif yang dapat menyembuhkan berbagai macam penyakit secara ekonomis.

Kata kunci: etnomidisin, herbal, pemanfaatan, tanaman obat


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.36706/fpbio.v9i2.17761

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Editorial Address:
Biologi Education Study Program
Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia
email: jpb@fkip.unsri.ac.id

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