Orang Jawa di Bawah Pelepah Kelapa Sawit Sumatera Selatan: Studi Kasus PT Aek Tarum (1989-2020)

Alif Bahtiar Pamulaan, Bondan Kanumoyoso

Abstract


Abstrak: Pemerintah Orde Baru yang melihat kelapa sawit sebagai komoditas penting bagi perkembangan ekonomi Indonesia, memulai proyek pembangunan perkebunan kelapa sawit melalui program “Agroindustri” pada periode tahun 1980-an. Bermaksud menciptakan lapangan kerja, perusahaan  justru dihadapkan pada masalah pengadaan tenaga kerja di perkebunan. Penelitian ini dibuat sebagai upaya mendeskripsikan bagaimana perusahaan mengatasi sulitnya mencari tenaga kerja terampil di perkebunan kelapa sawit Sumatera Selatan, dengan studi kasus perkebunan kelapa sawit PT Aek Tarum yang berdiri tahun 1989 di Kecamatan Mesuji, Kabupaten Ogan Kabupaten Komering Ilir. Dengan menggunakan metode sejarah, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melalui tahapan heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memakai pendekatan ekonomi dan sosial budaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk mengatasi masalah kekurangan tenaga kerja di perkebunan kelapa sawit, perusahaan sangat mengandalkan tenaga kerja yang didatangkan dari luar daerah. Ketergantungan ini pada akhirnya melahirkan komunitas masyarakat di perkebunan kelapa sawit Sumatera Selatan, yang diidentifikasi sebagai orang Jawa.

 Kata Kunci: Orang, Jawa, Kelapa, Sawit, PT, Aek, Tarum.

Javanese Under Palm Oil Midrib of South Sumatera : Case Study of Aek Tarum Company

Abstract: The New Order government that saw oil palm as an important commodity for Indonesia's economic development, initiating oil palm plantation development projects through the “Agro-industry” program in the 1980s. Intending to create jobs, the company is actually faced with the problem of procuring labor in plantations. This study was made as an effort to describe how companies overcome the difficulty of finding skilled workers in oil palm plantations in South Sumatra, with a case study of oil palm plantations of PT Aek Tarum which was established in 1989 in Mesuji District, Ogan Regency, Komering Ilir Regency. By using the historical method, this research was conducted through the stages of heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. This research was conducted using an economic and socio-cultural approach. The results show that to overcome the problem of labor shortages in oil palm plantations, companies rely heavily on workers imported from outside the region. This dependence eventually gave birth to communities in oil palm plantations in South Sumatra, who were identified as Javanese.

Keywords : Javanese, Palm,  Oil, Aek,  Tarum,  Company.




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DOI: https://doi.org/10.36706/jc.v11i2.17876

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Criksetra: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah
Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah
Jurusan Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial
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